Distribution
1. Chairman and Members/Convenor
2. PS to Secretary DAC/DARE/DAHD
3. PS to Member (AS)/Member (BNY)
4. PPS to Sr. Adviser (Agriculture)/Sr. PPS to Advisor (Agriculture)

List of Addresses of Chairman and Member/Convenor

• Dr. K.B. Lavekar, Commissioner (Agriculture) Govt. of Maharashtra , Pune


• Dr. J.P. Singh, Joint Director, Dept. of Agriculture & Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi.


• Dr. M.N. Redddy, Director, National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management (MANAGE), Rajendranagar, Hydrabad- 500 030 A.P. India


• Dr. A.K. Padhee, Director (Agriculture) Government of Orissa, Bhubaneshwar


• Mr. R. Sundar, DGM, NABARD, C-24, G Block, Bandra Kurla Complex, Bandra (E), Mumbai – 400 051


• NGO Representative on each from PRADAN, Post Box No. 3827, 3 Community Shopping Centre, Nil Bagh New Delhi- 110049 NGO Representative on each from Society for Participatory Research in Asia (PRIYA), Tughalkabad Institutional Area, New Delhi- 110062


• Dr. A.K. Dixit/ Dr. H.S. Sur, Planning Commission Representative


• Dr. Bhaskar Gaikwad, KVK Representative Ahmednagar


• Dr. R.S. Deshpande, Prof., Institute of Socio-Economic Change, Nagarbhavi, Bangalore 560072

1. How C-DAP is different from earlier Agriculture Plan?

Answer: C-DAP is an initiative taken in response to main theme of the 11th Five Year Plan. This is taken up to make a district as the planning unit, with the plan process constituted from below. This is based on the part of the Prime Minister’s address to the National Development Council on December 19, 2007. Essentially, C-DAP involves preparation of the agricultural development plan from Gram Panchayat upwards to district level. The essential focus of this exercise is to empower to grass-root institutions in the planning process and understanding the development initiatives at the grass-root.

This is different than the earlier agricultural planning exercise which broadly followed the top to down approach and began with the state level fixing of the targets which were disaggregated to the districts and down below. This involved the risk of bypassing some of the location specific initiatives as also the possibility of overlooking the differential requirements across districts.

2. Who is responsible for C-DAP - Preparation - Implementation?

Answer: Preparation of C-DAP begins from the grass-root level at Grama Panchayat. After discussions in the Grama Sabha about the development needs, priorities and the plan it goes to the Taluk Panchayat for the purpose of consultation, consolidation and refinement. Finally, it reaches the Zilla Panchayat for fine tune, aggregation and to work out the requirements as well as time dimension of the plan. The plan envisages vertical as well as horizontal integration across the departments participating in agriculture as well as allied agriculture sector development. The implementation is entirely the responsibility of the Line Departments in the purview of the prepared plan.

3. Who is responsible for preparation of Action plan of C-DAP at various levels? Who would be responsible for Agriculture Planning at GP level; IP level and ZP LEVEL?

Answer: At Grama Panchayat level Village Agricultural Planning Unit (VAPU), at Taluk Panchayat Taluk Agricultural Planning Unit (TAPU) and Mandal Agricultural Planning Unit (MAPU) and at district level it will be District Agricultural Planning Unit (DAPU) shall be responsible for preparation of the plans at various levels. These units will be supported by the designated Technical Support Institutions and Hand-holding Institutions in addition to the experts from various fields.

4. How C-DAPs would be integrated in SAP?

Answer: The C-DAP will provide the basic material for preparation of the State Agricultural Plan (SAP). But State plan shall not be only the additive of the C-DAP. The State Agricultural Plan may include additional schemes or programmes to those suggested in the District Agricultural Plans. The State Plan shall also keep in view the inter-district disparities and regional equity in the development focus.

5. In what way C-DAP would assist in increasing farmers’ income?

Answer: C-DAP shall include along with the schemes the possible incremental income and employment effects of the proposed schemes. These will be worked out under the two streams viz., the working scheme and the new innovative schemes. Essentially, during the preparation of C-DAP the incremental income and employment effects will be kept in view.

6. What will be the sources of data at different level?

Answer: The data formats and the sources are indicated in the report. Largely the data from the official sources should be used and wherever such data are not available, the planning unit at that level must make efforts to get the most authentic data as well as establish procedures for collection of such data.


7 Will the sanctity of priority given to various sectors by the DAPU be considered while sanctioning funds?

Answer: The State Agricultural Plan will be a consolidation of the District Agricultural Plan with added schemes from the State; therefore, the State Agricultural Plan has to consider the allocation of funds on priority as indicated by the districts. The State Agricultural Planning Unit will decide these priorities and after deliberations with the District authorities arrive at the optimal allocation. It is certain that priority given to the sectors by DAPU will be kept in view while allocating the funds.

8. Should C-DAP be prepared on an Annual basis?

Answer: The district plan will be initially prepared for five years coinciding with the Five Year Plan, however, the chapter on ‘Vision” will keep in view a decade of development perspective of the district. There will be monitoring on annual basis and concurrent corrections would be effected.

9. What role following would be playing?

Answer:

• District Agriculture Officers: Shall work as the Member-Secretary of the DAPU and nodal officer for DAPU. Chairman shall be as indicated in the Manual.


• ATMA: ATMA will be a component of DAPU and the basic initiatives will be incorporated in the C-DAP.


• ZP: The DAPU shall prepare the document approved by the Zilla Panchayat and therefore, Zilla Panchayat shall be the responsible institution for implementation of DAPU.


• Agriculture Committees of DPC: Agriculture Committees of DPC shall help the DAPU in establishing formulation of the plan.


• KVK: KVK shall provide necessary technical input and development initiatives required in the district.

10. Who will be the members of Expert Team at different level?

A. District Agriculture Planning Unit (DAPU):

• President of Zilla Panchayat------------------------------------------------------------ Chairperson
• District Collector/ District Magistrate--------------------------------------------------Vice-Chairperson
• An Elected Representative nominated by ZP -------------------------------------Member
• An Expert in Planning.-------------------------------------------------------------------- Member
• District Planning Officer. ------------------------------------------------------------------Member
• District Animal Husbandry Officer. -----------------------------------------------------Member
• District Level Officers of Allied Sectors -----------------------------------------------Member
• Representatives of SHG Fed/FIGs/CIGs (2-3) --------------------------------------Member
• SAU/ KVK (2-3) … -------------------------------------------------------------------------Member
• Reputed NGO (1) … ----------------------------------------------------------------------Member
• DDM of NABARD ---------------------------------------------------------------------------Member
• Lead District Manager---------------------------------------------------------------------Member
• District Informatics Officer(NIC) -------------------------------------------------------Member
• District Agriculture officer….-------------------------------------------------------------Member Secretary

Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA) is established in most of the states of the country and as such ATMA should support the supplement all the functions of DAPU/BAPU.

B. Block or Taluka Agricultural Planning Unit (BAPU/ TAPU)

• President of Taluka / Block /Mandal-------------------------------------------------- Chairperson

• Block/Taluka/Development Officer ----------------------------------------------------Convener

• An Elected Representative of Block Panchayat -----------------------------------Member

• An Expert in Planning ---------------------------------------------------------------------Member

• Block/Taluk level officers of allied disciplines.----------------------------------------Member

• District Planning Officer -------------------------------------------------------------------Member

• Representative of bank ------------------------------------------------------------------Member

• Reputed NGOs at Block/Taluk level (1) ---------------------------------------------Member

• Representatives of FIGs/SHGs/CIGs (3-4) ------------------------------------------Member

• Block Level Agriculture officer…. ------------------------------------------------------Member Secretary

c . Panchayat/Village Agriculture Planning Unit (PAPU/VAPU):

• Sarpanch / President of Gram Panchayat … -------------------------------------Chairperson

• Live Stock Supervisor…. ---------------------------------------------------------------Member

• Representatives of SHGs/FIGs/CIGs (3-4). ---------------------------------------Member

• Landless Labourers (1-2)… ------------------------------------------------------------Member

• Experts available locally (2-3)… ------------------------------------------------------Member

• Village dairy Supervior/ Secretary of dairy Cooperative ----------------------Member

• Village Secretary/Gram Sevak/ Agricultural Extension Worker-------------- Member Secretary

11. What is the role of Technical Support Institutions at various levels?

Answer: The technical support institution shall continuously interact with the DAPU, TAPU and VAPU in order to prepare an implementable plan document. This shall be technically competent document with inputs from the scientists, social scientists, development thinkers, Non-Governmental Organisations and other stakeholders. It will be the responsibility of the technical support institutions to modify and concurrently support the implementation process of C-DAP.

12. In what way C-DAP would address convergence and synergy in developmental efforts / process?

Answer: Between the schemes there should be convergence and this shall be ensured with the help of DAPu at the district level and implementation process shall be decided by the State. State Agricultural Planning Unit and the District Agricultural Planning Units shall be responsible for the convergence and synergy between the State and the district bodies. There will be a few pre-decided meetings during every year to assess the implementation and the process which will be monitored by the technical support group.

13. How C-DAP can involve SAUs & KVKs for effective linkages?

Answer: The role of State Agricultural Universities and Krishi Vigyan Kendras is quite crucial in terms of providing technical input to the Planning Units at various levels (DAPU, TAPU, VAPU). The State Agricultural Universities shall nominate relevant scientists to participate in the meetings as well as the KVKs falling in the region should participate in the meetings to provide the technical and ground level corrections for the purpose of planning.

14. How the C-DAP will be implemented?

Answer: C-DAPs will be implemented in consultation with the district authorities by the Zilla Panchayat. The Planning and Agricultural Departments of the State Government shall be the apex body to oversee the process of implementation.

15. What is the fund release mechanism of C-DAP?

Answer: The fund release mechanism for C-DAP will involve yearly allocation and release on the basis of the achievements across different sectors. The funds utilised at the district level shall be presented to a full meeting of DAPU and the next installment may be asked from the State Government.

16. In case allocation of funds does not cover the entire Plan, how will the balance fund requirements be met?

Answer: If the allocation of funds does not cover the schemes and programmes designed by the district, it will be necessary for the district to generate such funds either through PPP or with the help of increased participation in different schemes. In deserving cases, the State Government may be approached for allocation of additional funds based on the requirement of the district.

17. How to make C-DAP effective in addressing developmental issues of dis-advantaged social groups and women?

Answer: As the entire formulation process of C-DAP begins at the grass-root level and takes into account all important development issues at local level, it is naturally expected that the dis-advantaged social groups and women will be considered in the plan process. However, it will be necessary at DAPU level to address specific schemes to further the concept of `inclusive growth’ and incorporate the disadvantaged social groups and women in the main stream development of the district.

18. How C-DAP would bring in necessary close linkages with input and market agencies?

Answer: C-DAP will have specifically focused on the marketing and other economic institutions operating in the district. These institutions shall include the State-led institutions in input delivery system as well as the private institutions and NGOs operating in the district. C-DAP will take note of these linkages and design a proper policy to incorporate these institutions in the developmental perspective as well as plan process.

19. How effective is C-DAP in capturing intra-district variation?

Answer: As C-DAP will be discussed at the state level in the meeting of the representatives of DAPU and the Technical Support Institutions, care will be taken to seek the plans between various districts and reduction of regional disparity across the districts and within the district.

20. What is the M & E mechanism of C-DAP?

Answer: The Technical Support Institutions shall establish a proper procedure for monitoring and evaluation of the C-DAP report and implementation across the districts. DAPU in consultation with TSI can authorise one or more institutions to get monitoring and evaluation concurrently. This report should be discussed in the month of February every year so that corrections can be incorporated during the succeeding year.

21. What is expected from a citizen? How she/he can contribute in the process of C-DAP?

Answer: C-DAP is a Plan document stemming out of the grass-root and therefore, the role of the stakeholders, citizens and elected bodies is most crucial. The Grama Sabha and Zilla Panchayat are expected to participate fully in designing, monitoring and implementing the development initiatives provided in the C-DAP.

• Collection of Data/information-
  
  
  • Panchayat Level.
    The types of primary data to be collected and analysed are given in the village format furnished in Annexure VI (A).
  .
  
  • Taluk/District Level Data Requirement
    The type of secondary data to be collected and analysed at Taluk or district level are given in Annexure VI (B).
    
    1. Basic Data
    
    • General Information – (Table- 1)
    
    2. Land
    
    • Land Utilisation data (Table- 2)
    • Land Capability Classification (Table –3)
    • Land Holding Pattern (Table- 4)
    
    3. Soils
    
    • Soil Fertility/ Nutrition Status (Tables- 5 & 6)
    • Problem Soils- Salinity/ Alkalinity affected Soils (Table- 7)
    
    4. Weather/ Moisture/ Water
    
    • Weather Data (Table- 8 & 9)
    • Sources of Irrigation (Table- 10)
    • Water analysis report (Table-11)
    
    5. Occurrence of Natural Calamities and Safety Nets available (Table- 12)
    
    6. Crop cultivation
    
    • Infrastructure/ Support Service available and planned
    a. Information regarding Seed and Planting Material Production facilities and their performance    (Tables- 13,14& 15
    b. Soil Testing facilities - (Table- 16) o Agri- Polyclinics (Table- 17)
    c. Training facilities for farmers and staff (Tables18,19&20)
    d. Service Centres - (Table- 21)
    e. Basic Marketing Infrastructure (Table- 22)
    f. Farm level Storage available (Table- 23)
    
    
    • Season- wise Area, Production and Productivity of all Crops (Tables- 24,25, 26, 27&28)
    
    
    • Input use and planning
    a. Seed Replacement Rates (Table- 29 – district level)
    b. NPK Consumption and planning (Table- 30 & 31)
    c. Use of Plant Protection measures(Table-32)
    d. Use of modern Tools/ Equipment/ Mechanisation (Table 33 & 34)
    e. Micro irrigation and protective irrigation plan (Table 35 & 36)
    f. Credit and insurance facilities available and use from different sources (table 37, 38, 39 &40)
    
    
    • Watershed Activities
    a. Covering soil survey programmes (Table – 41)
    b. Area available for watershed development and plan (Table –42)
    c. Technologies for in situ conservation plan (Table – 43)
    
    
    • Proposed plan for plan
    a. Soil testing programme (Table-44)
    b. Organic input production (Table-45)
    c. IPM demonstration (Table – 46)
    d. INM demonstrations (Table – 47)
    e. Varietal demonstration (Table –48)
    f. Farmers’ Field schools (Table-49)
    g. Tools utilized for improving crop production (Table- 50)
    h. Crop diversification plan (Table-51)
    i. Additional area to be brought under organic farming (Table – 52)
    j. Area expansion plan –horticulture (Table-53)
    k. Rejuvenation plan for horticulture crops (Table-54)
  
  
  7. Sericulture
  • Sericulture information (Table – 55)
  • Proposed physical and Financial targets for sericulture (Table –56)
  
  
  8. Live Stock information
  • Live Stock Census data (Table- 57)
  • Veterinary support facilities available (Table- 58)
  • Infrastructure, Milk Chilling etc and markets for Livestock
  • Production and Yield levels (Table – 59)
  • Proposed physical and financial programme of AH Dept including dairy. (Table –60)
  
  
  9. Fisheries
  • Resources information (Table 61)
  • Source wise water spread area in the district (Table – 62)
  • Projections for fish production, seed to be stocked and hatchery required for plan (Table – 63)
  • Financial targets and achievements during X plan for fisheries development (Table-64)
  • Projected outlay for plan ( Table-65)
  
  
  10. Agro processing
  • Agro processing centres in the district (Table-66)
  • Marketing infrastructure plan ( Table-67)
  • Milk processing
  
  
  11. Social Forestry
  • Action plan for social forestry (Table – 68)
  
  
  12. Small Scale Industry
  • Product wise no. of SSI units in the district (table-69)
  • Action plan for KVI programmes (Table-70)
  • Progress of DIC during X plan (Table-71)
  • Action plan for DIC during plan(Table-72)
  
  
  13. Handloom Sector
  • Financial achievements during X plan for handloom (Table –73)
  • Details of the proposed industries under handloom &Textiles (Table-74)
  
  
  14. Group Organisations in the District
  • Farmers clubs, SHGs, Krishi Vigyan Mandals, Community groups (table-75)
  
  
  15. Achievements of Schemes
  • Achievements under district sector schemes (Table-76)
  • Achievements under state sector schemes (Table-77)
  
  
  16. Physical and Financial Programme under CDAP during plan

• Analysis of Data/ Information and Outcome Planning
  
  The basic approach envisaged is to look at the resource endowments of the district, assessing the present levels of utilization of resources, production, productivity, sustainability, etc., and drawing up a SWOT Analysis for the district. The plans drawn up would be essentially to capitalize on the strengths and opportunities, treats the weaknesses and threats as challenges to overcome. The driving consideration in this entire exercise would be planning for ‘outcomes’- the desired state of affairs, as compared to the traditional method of planning outlays. Some of possible outcome planning possibilities are listed below:
  
  
  • Land Utilisation patterns in conjunction with ownership information could be used effectively for planning for providing common facilities.
    • Appropriate legal/ legislative measures could be considered to facilitate leasing/ other arrangements to facilitate public- private partnerships for delivering common facilities, use of unused public resources, etc.
  
  
  • Appropriate use of land according to capability classification to be kept in view for sustainable development
  
  
  • Completion of surface water irrigation projects and planning for optimal exploitation of groundwater resources to be given thrust for increasing cropping intensity
    
    • Interventions to increase Irrigation/ Water Use efficiency for crops
    •Desiltation of ponds, tanks, water bodies, etc.


• Yield Gaps for all important crops to be assessed and interventions planned to reduce such Gaps
  • The reasons for the Yield Gaps and the interventions required are to be planned using participatory/ consultative processes, involving all concerned stakeholders


• While the interventions to reduce the Yield Gaps will be based on the felt needs of the farming community, these interventions could include
  • Soil Testing campaigns/ projects
  • Soil conservation and in- situ moisture conservation interventions
  • Need- based use of manures, fertilizers and other inputs
  • Interventions in production and supply of quality seeds
  • Farm implements/ equipment and machinery for farm efficiency
  • Extension/ Training/ Demonstration support
  


• Interventions for post- Harvest support, marketing arrangements
  • These should take into account the existing storage and market infrastructure, their sufficiency and come out with the plans to make good the deficiencies


• Alternate land use, crop diversification, etc., could be planned based on technical and market considerations


• A cogent plan may be prepared for the animal husbandry, dairying and fisheries sectors taking into consideration the high growth rates of these sectors. These plans could take into consideration, the following aspects:
  •The present position of the sector, the potential for growth and the impediments in the way of achieving such growth rates.
  • The plans prepared for these sectors would be by way of interventions that need to be made to remove the impediments identified.
  • The impediments could be inputs supply, marketing, training/ extension support, etc.


• A major thrust of the planning exercise would be in the area of Public- Private Partnerships to provide the required inputs and services.

• Contents of Proforma for Gram Panchayat Plan

1.	Socio-Economic background of the population in GP
1.1	Socio-economic background of the households in each village in GP
1.2	Poverty status of the households by social groups
1.3	Literacy rates by sex and caste groups in each village in GP
2.	Agricultural Sector
2.1	Land use particulars for latest year
2.2	Sources of irrigation for latest year
2.3	Performance of tanks in the GP
2.4	Conditions of irrigation wells
2.5	Area under crops including horticulture
2.6	Average yield of major crops in the village
2.7	Area suffering from low yields, reasons and solutions in the GP
2.8	Lands having problems like water logging, soil erosion, etc. and possibilities of its use
2.9	Application of chemical fertilisers for different crops
2.10	Problems in procuring agricultural inputs and solutions
2.11	Sources of draft power
2.12	Other problems in agriculture and solutions
3.	Animal husbandry, dairy and Fisheries
3.1	Livestock population by species and quality
3.2	Milk yield per day by species and quality
3.3	Marketing of milk
3.4	Availability of fodder and water for animals
3.5	Constraints for increasing milk production in the village
3.6	Poultry and fishing activities in the village
3.7	Potential livestock activities and the support needed
4.	Accessibility of Socio-economic facilities
5.	Education
5.1	Primary school enrollment in each village in the GP
5.2	Infrastructure available and additionally needed in primary schools
5.3	Infrastructure available and additionally needed in government or aided high schools
5.4	Infrastructure available and additionally needed in government or aided junior college
6.	Housing, drinking water, sanitation, roads and electricity
6.1	Houses by type of roof in each village in the GP
6.2	Total number of houseless population
6.3	Houses constructed under IAY during the previous year
6.4	Sources of drinking water and water borne diseases in the village
6.5	Problems with the available sources of drinking water
6.6	The availability of public latrines and the additional needs
6.7	Maintenance of public latrines
6.8	Improvements to roads needed
6.9	Electricity connections, power supply and households without power supply
7.	Self Help Groups
7.1	Particulars of self help groups
7.2	Details of inactive groups and interventions needed , if any
7.3	Economic activities taken up by the SHGs
7.4	Participation of SHGs in government schemes
8.	Small Scale and Cottage Industries
9.	Working of NREGS and other poverty alleviation programmes in the GP
9.1	GP perspective plan under NREGS
9.2	Implementation of NREGS during last year
9.3	Employment outcomes of the NTRGS during 2006-07
9.4	Lean seasons for of wage labour and employment needed in each period
9.5	Problems faced by beneficiaries of other poverty alleviation programs
10.	Important felt needs in each village in the Gram Panchayat
11.	Financial resources of the Gram Panchayat
11.1	Demand and collection of various taxes in the Gram Panchayat
11.2	Outside funds spent in the GP
11.3	Outside funds spent in the GP
12.	Schemes identified to be included in the GP plan with a division into GP Plan Schemes and Block level schemes

Note: a)*Sub-marginal : Less than 2.5 acres, b) Marginal farmer: 1.0-2.5 acres, c) Small farmer: 2.5-5.0 acres, d) Medium farmers 5-10 acres, e) Large farmers : above 10 acres, f) ** Artisans include blacksmiths, carpenters, masons, weavers

Note: * Purpose codes : Only irrigation 1, Irrigation & Fishing :2; Irrigation, Fishing & Water for animals 3; Irrigation and water for animals

* Follow the order : cereals, pulses, other crops, vegetables, fruits and fodder crops

* Follow the order: cereals, pulses, other crops, vegetables, fruits and fodder crops

*Problems like water logging, leveling, soil erosion, salinity, etc. are to be identified

*Collect only for crops facing problems in procuring seed

Are hire services of bullocks /tractors available in each village? Yes/No
If no, mention the villages where not available: 1.       2.       3.

No. of households - Livelihood system
- Crop/livestock system

Sheep/goat/piggery

*Activities : 1. dairy with CBC, 2. dairy with GB, 3. dairy with local buffalo
4. goat 5. sheep 6. backyard poultry

* Code for existence: Exists -1 Does not exist - 2

*Estimate provided by teachers

* Total must tally with the total number of households in the village

i) Is the village subjected to water-borne diseases? Yes/No
ii) If yeas, specify ___________________________________

i) If additional latrines are needed, give number:
Village 1: Village 2: Village 3: Village 4:

*Type : internal 1; approach 2; Connecting another GP 3

*Quality : Very poor, poor, moderate, good

*Household 1 Establishment (with hired labour) 2

* High 1 Medium 2 Low 3

* Year to be noted as 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5
** Only this GP 1; Spills over 2

• Formats for Collection of Secondary Data at Taluka/District Level
  
  

• Table 1: General information
  

General						Population (As per the 2001 Census)
Taluk/Block	Villages		No. of Revenue Villages	Area (ha.)	No. of G. Ps.	Male	Female	Total	S.C.	S.T.
	In habitated	Un-in habitated

• Table 2: Land Utilisation Statistics (preceding 3 years average)        (Area in hectares)
  

Taluk	Geogr aphical area	Forest Area	Land Under Nonagril. Use	Cultivable waste	Permanent pastures	Land under miscella neous tree crops and groves	Current Fallows	Other Fallows	Net sown area	Gross cropped area	Cropping intensity (%)
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12

• Table 3 : Land Capability Classification
  (Area in hectares)

Taluk	Very good cultiv able land Class - I	Good cultivab le land Class- II	Modera tely good cultivab le land Class- III	Fairly good land, suited for occasio nal cultivati on Class- IV	Nearly level land not suitable for cultivation because of stoniness, wetness, etc. Class- V	Steep slopes, highly erosion prone with shallow soils Class- VI	Steep slope with sever soil erosion resulting in eroded stony and rough soil surfaces with shallow soil depth Class- VII
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8

• Table 4: Land Holdings (Agriculture Census 2001)           (Holdings in numbers and area in ha)

Taluk

Marginal Farmers

Small Farmers

Semi-med. Farmers

Medium farmers

Large farmers

Total

No.

Area

No.

Area

No.

Area

No.

Area

No.

Area

No.

Area

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:
M - Mild S - Severe VS - Very Severe

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:

Source:
SRR – Seed Replacement Rate

Source:

Source:

Source: